Pengaruh Kerentanan Sosial Terhadap Ketangguhan Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Bencana Erupsi Gunung Merapi di Kabupaten Sleman

Abstract

Social vulnerability explicitly focuses on demographic dan socio-economic factors that affect a population’s ability to cope with disaster event, in other words who is at risk dan the extent to which society can be harmed. The purpose of this study is to identify the location of social vulnerability with existing variables. In order to understand the importance of the process by which natural disasters have significant effect on communities in terms of social vulnerability, then 17 districts in Sleman Regency were taken as case studies of social vulnerability to the eruption of Mount Merapi. The data analysis consists of 11 social vulnerability variables that collectively represent the local situation in the study area, using the computational method of Self Organizing Map (SOM) dan Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). SOM is used to identify locations based on their similarity and to determine the most related variables to determine social vulnerability in the cluster. Meanwhile, SoVI is used to construct social vulnerability index from high to low. The results show that unemployment (UNEMPLY) is the most dominant variable affecting the social vulnerability of population. The next variables are people with secondary education or lower, migration, age under 14 years, and the number of infants and toddlers are the driving factors that affect social vulnerability. Thus, locations (districts) can be identified and clustered based on the dominant variables through clustering analysis. In terms of time and resources, this method is useful for assessing social vulnerability by intervening the actions of disaster risk reduction as well as through appropriate policy planning.